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Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) supplementation improved estrogen deficiency-induced gut and brain deficits in ovariectomized rats. This prebiotic fiber shows potential for managing postmenopausal complications by restoring the estrogen-gut-microbiome-brain axis (EGMBA).

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Microbiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Post-menopausal estrogen decline negatively impacts brain and gut function.
  • Dysfunction of the estrogen-gut-microbiome-brain axis (EGMBA) is a significant concern.
  • Novel non-hormonal strategies are needed to mitigate EGMBA dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on EGMBA alterations in an estrogen-deficient rat model.
  • To assess FOS's impact on behavioral, biochemical, molecular, and histopathological changes induced by estrogen deficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Ovariectomized (OVX) rats were used to model estrogen deficiency.
  • Rats were administered FOS (50 mg/kg) orally for 28 days.
  • Assessments included behavioral tests, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory markers, gene expression (HPA axis, neurotransmission, apoptosis, gut microbiota, barrier integrity), and histopathology.

Main Results:

  • FOS administration significantly improved anxiety, depression, and memory in OVX rats.
  • FOS attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation, regulated apoptosis, and normalized HPA axis and monoamine neurotransmission.
  • FOS restored gut microbial balance, enhanced gut barrier integrity, and preserved colon microstructure.

Conclusions:

  • Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) exerts multifaceted protective effects on the estrogen-gut-microbiome-brain axis (EGMBA).
  • FOS demonstrates potential as a non-hormonal therapeutic agent for managing postmenopausal complications.
  • These findings highlight FOS's role in modulating both gut and brain functions.