What is new in kidney biopsy in 2024: A narrative review

Kidney biopsy continues to be an essential diagnostic instrument for assessing both acute and chronic kidney disorders, although progress in alternative diagnostic methods.

This review offers a thorough analysis of the contemporary significance, methodologies, indications, contraindications, and consequences related to native kidney biopsy, as well as addressing the possible alternatives being studied as of now.

We incorporated research that examine human participants undergoing native kidney biopsy, employing diverse techniques like ultrasound, computed tomography-guided, percutaneous, or laparoscopic methods.

Improvements in biopsy needle design and imaging methodologies have markedly enhanced the safety and precision of biopsies, while problems such as hemorrhage and infections continue to occur. Furthermore, we examined prospective developments in kidney biopsy, namely the possible applications of artificial intelligence, non-invasive biomarkers, and genetic testing. Exome sequencing has demonstrated potential in elucidating genetic etiologies of idiopathic renal illnesses, while artificial intelligence technologies are commencing to improve diagnostic precision.

Although developing technology may eventually diminish the necessity for conventional biopsies, kidney biopsy now remains an essential part of a nephrologist's work, especially for unusual and intricate situations.