LED-based illumination device for efficacy assessment of the photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy

The increasing demand for compact LED-based illuminators in contemporary photodynamic therapy necessitates innovative design approaches. This study presents the development of a scanless tunable LED illuminator operated at 660 nm engineered to provide uniform irradiation across an area of a standard 96-well plate, with power outputs ranging from 1 to 20 mW/cm². We assessed the temporal stability of the output power, emission spectrum, and temperature of the proposed design to ensure consistent and reproducible light dosages. The practical efficacy of the compact LED illuminator was evaluated through experiments involving CT26, U-87, 4T1, N2A, 22RV1 and B16F10 cell cultures, utilizing photodynamic dyes Photoditazine (PD) and aluminum tetrasulfophthalocyanine chloride, an analogue of Photosens (PS).