Advanced FCS-MPC strategy for optimized control and efficiency in photovoltaic inverters

This paper proposes an enhanced Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) approach to optimize the performance and efficiency of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. The novelty of this study lies in applying a two-step forward prediction scheme within the FCS-MPC framework, coupled with optimized cost functions, to improve control accuracy, harmonic reduction, and transient response. A 1 MW industrial-scale PV system model, based on the Oued El Kebrit power plant in Algeria, is simulated to evaluate the controller under realistic grid disturbances. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy improves efficiency from 97.63% to 97.73%, reduces voltage Total Harmonic Distortion (THDv) to 2.08%, and shortens the voltage stabilization time from 0.25s to 0.165s. Furthermore, the method ensures consistent performance during grid faults such as voltage sags and maintains grid code compliance. The proposed FCS-MPC method outperforms conventional strategies, offering a scalable and robust solution for enhancing the energy conversion and stability of large-scale PV systems.