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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over...

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Dual-frequency AMCW concurrent ranging and velocimetry for LiDAR imaging.

Tingyu Chen, Baisong Chen, Yinan Wang

|February 20, 2026

Summary

This study introduces a dual-frequency source amplitude modulation (DFAM) scheme for continuous-wave (CW) LiDAR. The DFAM method accurately measures both distance and velocity of moving targets, overcoming Doppler shift interference.

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Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Remote Sensing Technology
Laser Systems Engineering

Background:

Continuous-wave (CW) Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) systems face challenges with Doppler shift from moving targets, impacting ranging accuracy.
Conventional Amplitude-Modulated Continuous-Wave (AMCW) LiDAR struggles to simultaneously achieve precise ranging and velocimetry due to Doppler interference.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel LiDAR scheme for concurrent, accurate laser ranging and velocimetry.
To overcome the limitations imposed by Doppler shift in conventional CW LiDAR systems.

Main Methods:

Proposing a Dual-Frequency source Amplitude Modulation (DFAM) scheme.
Utilizing a low-frequency modulation component for Doppler shift quantification and velocity measurement.
Employing a high-frequency modulation component for phase-difference measurement between transmitted and echo signals.
Compensating phase differences using the measured Doppler shift for precise distance calculation.

Main Results:

Achieved highly precise velocimetry with consistency within millimeters per second.
Maintained ranging accuracy comparable to static target conditions.
Successfully implemented the DFAM scheme in LiDAR imaging for multi-dimensional object reconstruction.

Conclusions:

The DFAM scheme effectively enables simultaneous laser ranging and velocimetry in CW LiDAR systems.
This method significantly improves the performance of LiDAR systems dealing with moving targets.
The technology has potential applications in advanced LiDAR imaging and analysis.