Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 22, 2026

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
08:48

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers

Published on: April 20, 2016

8.2K

Spatial-division multiplexing backward Brillouin scattering in dual-core optical fibers for temperature and curvature

Donghe Sheng, Chao Wang, Zhe Han

    Optics Express
    |February 20, 2026
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping09:48

    Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping

    Published on: November 7, 2016

    13.6K
    A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings08:23

    A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings

    Published on: September 30, 2019

    5.5K

    Related Concept Videos

    Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

    Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

    In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...
    ¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns01:13

    ¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns

    When protons A and X are coupled, their nuclear spin energy levels are slightly modified. This is because the energy required to excite proton A to a spin state parallel to proton X is slightly different from the energy required for it to become anti-parallel to spin X. Consequently, there are two possible excitation frequencies for A (A1 and A2), depending on the spin state of X, and vice versa. The mutual nature of coupling implies that the difference between frequencies A1 and A2, indicated...
    Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule01:10

    Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule

    In the AX proton spin system, proton A can sense the two spin states of a coupled proton X, resulting in a doublet NMR signal with two peaks of equal (1:1) intensity. When proton A is coupled to two equivalent protons (AX2 spin system), the spin states of each X can be aligned with or against the external field, creating three possible scenarios. This results in a 1:2:1  triplet signal, where the central peak corresponds to the chemical shift of A and is twice as large or intense as the others.
    ¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

    ¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

    The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
    A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
    NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

    NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

    A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
    Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

    Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

    Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
    Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...