3D focusing through scattered light using a binary hologram

Due to the support of scattering wavefront shaping technology, scattering medium (SM) have significant potential in large-capacity, high-fidelity and crosstalk-free three-dimensional (3D) holographic projections. Here, an accumulation of multiplication algorithm (AOMA) was proposed to calculate binary holograms, so that the intensity distribution of 3D space can be simultaneously modulated behind SM using a hologram. In particular, AOMA is free from the need for signal feedback. It is simple and efficient to generate binary holograms with multiplication and addition. Experiments demonstrate that the intensity of axial four planes can be controlled simultaneously with a binary hologram, and the proposed AOMA is able to achieve high-fidelity four-plane focusing in the different modulation elements. Moreover, a wide-angle holographic focusing on two planes is also presented with a binary hologram in the high-dimensional modulation elements. To explore the anti-noise ability of AOMA, we further demonstrate 3D focusing performance with high-dimensional binary holograms at different interference environment. These advancements are expected to be beneficial to generate holograms for 3D scattering-enabled holographic projections.