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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Flow Cytometric Determination of Pyroptosis in Avian Cells
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Integrated single-cell and transcriptomic profiling identifies machine-learning-based pyroptosis biomarkers in IBD.

Yao Lu1, Yahui Lin2, Yuansen Li2

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of Wenshan Prefecture, Wenshan, Yunnan, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|February 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Pyroptosis, a cell death process, is active in immune and epithelial cells in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Six genes may serve as non-invasive biomarkers for IBD diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
inflammatory bowel diseasemachine learningpyroptosissingle-cell RNA sequencingtranscriptomic integration

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Pyroptosis, an inflammatory cell death, is implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis.
  • Key cell types and regulatory genes driving pyroptosis in IBD remain largely unidentified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify cell types and genes associated with pyroptosis in IBD.
  • To explore the diagnostic potential of pyroptosis-related genes in IBD.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing of intestinal mucosa was analyzed for pyroptosis signatures.
  • Machine learning models identified optimal diagnostic genes from pyroptosis-related gene sets.
  • Findings were validated using bulk peripheral blood transcriptomic data.

Main Results:

  • Pyroptosis was most active in macrophages, epithelial cells, and neutrophils.
  • Nineteen core pyroptosis-related genes were identified, with 16 upregulated in both tissue and blood samples.
  • Six genes (BASP1, LITAF, NAMPT, PHACTR1, PLAUR, PPIF) emerged as key diagnostic markers, with BASP1 showing high accuracy (AUC=0.935).

Conclusions:

  • Pyroptosis is significantly active in specific immune and epithelial cells within the IBD intestine.
  • Six identified genes demonstrate potential as non-invasive biomarkers for IBD diagnosis.
  • These findings offer insights into IBD mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.