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Executive Dysfunction and Depression Risk in Adolescence: Functional-MRI Analysis of Transient Network States During

Elena C Peterson1, Jenna Jones1, Sofia Barnes-Horowitz1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Executive function (EF) deficits, particularly in working memory (WM), may increase depression risk in adolescents. Altered brain network dynamics involving frontoparietal regions partially explain this link.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Executive Function (EF) deficits are linked to adolescent depression risk.
  • Neural underpinnings and temporal dynamics of brain networks in this association require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural correlates of EF-related depression risk in adolescents.
  • To examine the role of transient brain network dynamics during working memory (WM) tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 154 adolescents (ages 13-19).
  • Co-activation pattern analysis to identify transient network states during WM tasks.
  • Dynamic structural equation modeling to analyze depressive symptom trajectories over two years.

Main Results:

  • General EF did not predict depressive symptoms.
  • Working memory (WM) deficits during low-load conditions predicted greater depression variability.
  • Longer persistence of a frontoparietal co-activation network partially mediated WM-related depression risk.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory deficits and altered temporal dynamics of frontoparietal networks may contribute to adolescent depression risk.
  • Transient network states offer insights into the neural mechanisms linking EF and depression.