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Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale PFO: An Intervention Sequence
Published on: December 23, 2022
Esophageal erosion by a PDA occluder device following MAPC closure in tetralogy of Fallot
Munaf J Yaseen1, Wassan N Mohammed2, Nabeeha N Akram3
1Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Medical City Complex, Bab al-Muadham, 61023, 12114, Iraq.
Abstract:
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the commonest cyanotic congenital heart disease encountered in paediatrics. Major aortopulmonary collaterals (MAPCAs) often complicate TOF when surgical correction is delayed, and a transcatheter closure is commonly done prior to definitive surgery. Embolization of occluding devices is a known complication that typically occurs in the vessels or in cardiac chambers. We report a young boy who presented with 1-month dysphagia post-transcatheter closure of a large MAPCAs. Barium revealed a filling defect confirmed by endoscopy as an impacted occluding device in the oesophagus. It was surgically removed, and the boy was discharged well. This case highlights a rare but highly significant unreported complication.
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