Factors Predicting Subsequent Changes in Hearing Thresholds in Neonates with Initial Hearing Impairment
Dian-Shiue Lee1, Sheng-You Su2, Chien-Yu Huang1,3
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi city, Taiwan.
Neonatal hearing thresholds can improve within six months, particularly in males. Early audiological follow-up is vital for detecting and managing hearing impairment in newborns.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal audiology
- Pediatric hearing science
Background:
- Neonatal hearing impairment affects a significant number of newborns.
- Early identification and intervention are critical for developmental outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate changes in hearing thresholds in neonates with hearing impairment over a 6-month period.
- To identify factors associated with hearing threshold changes in this population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds in 96 neonates.
- Data collected from June 2016 to June 2024 at a regional hospital.
- Analysis of ABR thresholds and birth records, categorizing by hearing change status.
Main Results:
- Hearing thresholds improved in 45 ears and worsened in 2 ears over 6 months.
- Univariate analysis showed associations with sex, birth weight, gestational age, and care unit.
- Multivariate analysis identified male sex as the sole independent predictor of ABR threshold changes.
Conclusions:
- Neonatal hearing thresholds can show improvement over a 6-month follow-up.
- Male sex is a significant predictor of hearing threshold improvement.
- Structured audiological follow-up is essential for early detection and intervention in neonates with hearing impairment.
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