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Updated: May 3, 2026

A Protocol for Functional Assessment of Whole-Protein Saturation Mutagenesis Libraries Utilizing High-Throughput Sequencing
Published on: July 3, 2016
A Protocol for Regulating Protein Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Using NMR-Guided Mutagenesis
Mayu Enomoto-Kusano1, Kyoko Furuita2,3, Takashi S Kodama2
1Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-5, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Kanagawa, Japan.
None:
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) underlies the formation of membraneless cellular compartments, yet experimental strategies that directly connect quantitative LLPS behavior with residue-level structural information remain limited. Here, we present an integrated protocol that combines quantitative LLPS assays with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and structure-guided mutagenesis to regulate protein phase separation. Using the VAPB MSP domain as a representative example, this workflow links residue-specific structural features to macroscopic LLPS behavior and enables suppression or enhancement of phase separation through targeted amino acid substitutions. This protocol provides a generalizable framework for systematic, residue-level regulation of protein LLPS.
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