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Labeling DNA Probes

Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...

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Single-Cell Multiplexed Fluorescence Imaging to Visualize Viral Nucleic Acids and Proteins and Monitor HIV, HTLV, HBV, HCV, Zika Virus, and Influenza Infection

Single-Cell Multiplexed Fluorescence Imaging to Visualize Viral Nucleic Acids and Proteins and Monitor HIV, HTLV, HBV, HCV, Zika Virus, and Influenza Infection

Published on: October 29, 2020

Rapid Discrimination of Single-Virus Entry Pathways via a Bioorthogonal Activatable Fluorescent Probe.

Ai-Xin Ma¹, Zhi-Gang Wang¹, Yi-Fan Wang¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Centre For New Organic Matter, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, School of Medicine, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|February 20, 2026

Summary

Researchers developed a novel Bioorthogonal Click-Activatable Viral Labeling (CAVL) system to visualize viral entry dynamics in real time. This method distinguishes virus attachment from internalization, offering new insights into viral pathogenesis.

Keywords:

BDP‐Tz‐MAL bioorthogonal chemistry iEDDA quantum dot viral entry

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Chemoselective Modification of Viral Surfaces via Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry

Chemoselective Modification of Viral Surfaces via Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry

Published on: August 19, 2012

Area of Science:

Virology
Cell Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Viral entry is crucial for infection but difficult to study in real time at the single-virus level.
Distinguishing attachment from internalization and diverse entry mechanisms remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel method for visualizing and discriminating viral entry dynamics in real time.
To enable single-virus resolution of distinct viral entry pathways.

Main Methods:

Introduced a Bioorthogonal Click-Activatable Viral Labeling (CAVL) system.
Utilized dual labeling of viral particles with a tetrazine-quenched BODIPY probe and quantum dots.
Leveraged click chemistry (iEDDA reaction) for activatable fluorescence signaling during entry.

Main Results:

CAVL system provides spatiotemporally resolved visualization of viral entry dynamics.
Achieved real-time discrimination of endocytic and non-endocytic entry pathways at single-particle resolution.
Demonstrated quantitative, background-suppressed imaging without genetic modification.

Conclusions:

The CAVL platform offers a versatile strategy for studying viral entry mechanisms.
Applicable to diverse viruses, advancing our understanding of infectivity and pathogenesis.
Provides a powerful tool for broad biological contexts.