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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

In situ Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous Flap: A Rat Model of Myocutaneous Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
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Quantifying Thermal and Tactile Recovery in Dual-Neurotized Breast Flaps: A Pilot Intrapatient Control Study.

Carson Gundlach1, Annie B McVeigh1, Nancy Qin1

  • 1Weill Cornell Medicine.

Annals of Plastic Surgery
|February 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dual-nerve neurotization of deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps shows significant tactile and thermal recovery within nine months. Sensory improvements are most notable in the superior and medial breast regions following this breast reconstruction technique.

Keywords:
DIEP flapbreast reconstructionneurotizationsensory recoverytactile sensationthermal sensation

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Sensory Neuroscience

Background:

  • Dual-nerve neurotization in deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps may improve postmastectomy reinnervation.
  • Early sensory recovery patterns (tactile and thermal) after this procedure require further definition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate the timeline and regional patterns of tactile and thermal recovery after dual-neurotized DIEP flap breast reconstruction.
  • To establish early benchmarks for sensory outcomes in patients undergoing this advanced reconstructive technique.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of women undergoing dual-neurotized DIEP flap breast reconstruction.
  • Objective sensory testing (tactile thresholds, thermal perception) at baseline and 3, 6, and 9 months postoperatively.
  • Analysis of regional sensory recovery patterns within the reconstructed breast.

Main Results:

  • Composite tactile recovery reached 64.2% by 9 months (P < 0.001), with superomedial regions showing significant improvement.
  • Outer-superior and outer-medial regions approached baseline tactile sensation by 9 months (P > 0.05).
  • Thermal recovery improved, with hot sensation recovery more robust than cold, particularly in superior, medial, and inferior regions by 9 months.

Conclusions:

  • Dual-neurotization of DIEP flaps facilitates progressive tactile and thermal sensory recovery within nine months.
  • The superior and medial breast regions demonstrate the most pronounced sensory recovery.
  • This study provides crucial early benchmarks for sensory outcomes in dual-neurotized DIEP flap reconstructions.