Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

12.0K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
12.0K
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

13.2K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
13.2K
Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

49.1K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
49.1K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

3.2K
Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
3.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Response to the letter "Critical appraisal of methodological rigor in a systematic review on post-COVID-19 vaccination-associated olfactory dysfunction".

Rhinology·2026
Same author

Olfactory cleft adhesion in post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction.

European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases·2025
Same author

Olfactory implants: international opinion paper on emerging technologies and clinical applications.

Rhinology·2025
Same author

Age-related exacerbation in disease-associated olfactory disorders.

Rhinology·2025
Same author

Olfactory disorder after COVID-19 vaccination.

Rhinology·2025
Same author

Impact of residual ethmoidal laminae on dupilumab efficacy following endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: A STROBE analysis.

European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

Published on: September 13, 2024

1.4K

Comparative analyses of COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction and classical post-viral olfactory dysfunction: a

T Miwa1, K Tsuzuki2, I Suzaki3

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan.

Rhinology
|February 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Olfactory dysfunction (OD) from COVID-19 (COVID-19-OD) presents differently than post-viral OD (PVOD), with younger patients and distinct symptoms. COVID-19-OD severity is milder and varies by viral variant, suggesting biological differences.

More Related Videos

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
10:42

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

Published on: July 30, 2017

10.1K
Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease
07:27

Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease

Published on: August 25, 2014

22.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

Published on: September 13, 2024

1.4K
A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
10:42

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

Published on: July 30, 2017

10.1K
Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease
07:27

Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease

Published on: August 25, 2014

22.7K

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a common COVID-19 symptom, but its characteristics differ from conventional post-viral OD (PVOD).
  • COVID-19-OD characteristics also vary by viral subtype, necessitating comparative analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare clinical features and olfactory function between COVID-19-OD and PVOD.
  • To investigate differences in OD characteristics among COVID-19 variants.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter retrospective study comparing 269 COVID-19-OD patients (2020-2022) with 380 PVOD patients (2017-2019).
  • Analysis included patient demographics, olfactory cleft condition, and olfactory function from medical records.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19-OD patients were younger, with higher olfactory cleft obstruction and more parosmia/phantosmia than PVOD patients.
  • OD severity was milder in COVID-19-OD, even after age adjustment.
  • Pre-Omicron COVID-19-OD cases were younger and had higher parosmia/phantosmia rates than Omicron cases.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19-OD and PVOD exhibit significant differences in clinical presentation and OD pathophysiology.
  • Intra-COVID-19-OD variations across variants suggest underlying viral biological differences influencing olfactory dysfunction.