The clinical applications of next-generation sequencing and ctDNA/cfDNA in lymphoma

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology plays a pivotal role in understanding the molecular landscape in oncology by providing a comprehensive analysis of genomic mutations. The detection and analysis of mutations have improved through tumor evaluation with various imaging techniques, tissue biopsies, and noninvasive liquid biopsy. NGS offers a multitude of diagnostic, prognostic, and management options that demonstrate a paradigm shift in how we care for patients with cancer. However, the roles of NGS and liquid biopsy in clinical practice still need to be standardized in protocols and guidelines so that they can be implemented broadly. Studies have shown promising evidence that liquid biopsy can be applied across the lymphoma landscape. These results demonstrate an expanding area of precision medicine research as oncology care continues to move toward minimally invasive and noninvasive genomic sequencing. The continued exploration of NGS in clinical practice may lead to more personalized therapeutic interventions in the hope of improving management, risk stratification, and outcomes in patients with lymphoma.