Capillary-driven hemostatic microenvironment in oriented collagen/CMC-Ca composite scaffold for rapid hemostasis

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Hemostasis

Background:

• Current hemostatic materials face challenges with fluid absorption, mechanical stability, and tissue regeneration.
• There is a need for advanced hemostatic agents that offer enhanced performance and promote healing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a capillary-driven hemostatic microenvironment using a collagen/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Ca) composite scaffold.
• To evaluate the hemocompatibility, hemostatic efficacy, and tissue regenerative capacity of the developed scaffold.

Main Methods:

• Acid-enzymatic extraction of collagen and ion-exchange purification of CMC-Ca.
• Fabrication of oriented porous collagen/CMC-Ca composite scaffolds via directional freeze-drying.
• In vitro hemocompatibility and coagulation tests.
• In vivo evaluation in rat tail amputation and liver hemorrhage models.

Main Results:

• The collagen/CMC-Ca composite exhibited excellent in vitro hemocompatibility (hemolysis < 3%) and accelerated coagulation (40-60%).
• The optimal formulation (Col@2.5%CMC-Ca) achieved rapid hemostasis in vivo, significantly reducing blood loss compared to controls.
• The scaffold demonstrated significant liver tissue repair and regeneration 14 days post-implantation.

Conclusions:

• A dual-functional biomaterial integrating rapid hemostasis with proactive tissue repair was successfully established.
• The capillary-driven collagen/CMC-Ca scaffold presents a promising solution for overcoming limitations in current hemostatic materials.
• This innovative scaffold holds potential for clinical applications in managing bleeding and enhancing tissue regeneration.