Brain functional network dynamics in women with alleged mediumship: a controlled study

The Brain Functional Networks (BFN) approach integrates Electroencephalography, Graph Theory, and Motif Synchronization to identify brain regions that are functionally connected over time, even if spatially distant. This contrasts with previous studies on mediumship.

To analyze BFN topological indices during mediumistic trance.

Secondary data collected in Campo Grande, Brazil, were analyzed. Twenty-eight women participated, divided into two groups: Mediums Group (MG, n = 14) and Control Group (CG, n = 14). Both groups performed a pre-trance task (resting condition). MG performed a mediumship trance task, while CG engaged in a prayer task (listening and praying). EEG data were processed to construct networks for Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta, and all-frequency bands.

Significant differences in brain connectivity indices were observed: MG showed changes in delta (p = 0.002), theta (p = 0.006), and alpha (p = 0.035) bands. CG showed changes in the beta band (p = 0.008).

These results suggest that the tasks influenced brain activity patterns. Mediumistic trance appears to be an altered state of consciousness distinct from sleep.

The results reinforce the notion of mediumship as an altered, non-pathological brain state, distinct from schizophrenia and non-dominant temporal lobe syndrome.