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Phytogenic feed additive mitigates necrotic enteritis-associated gut damage and performance loss in broilers.

Most Khairunnesa1, Alip Kumar1, Shu-Biao Wu1

  • 1School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.

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|February 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Phytogenic feed additives (PFAs) can mitigate necrotic enteritis (NE) in broilers. Supplementing a phytogenic blend (PHB) improved bird performance, gut health, and reduced inflammation markers associated with NE.

Keywords:
BroilerHistomorphologyInflammationMortalityNecrotic enteritisPerformancePhytogenic blend

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Area of Science:

  • Poultry Science
  • Animal Nutrition
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a significant economic issue in broiler production, exacerbated by the ban on antibiotic growth promoters.
  • Phytogenic feed additives (PFAs) are being explored as alternatives to antibiotics for managing NE.
  • A specific phytogenic blend (PHB) containing thymol, oleic acid, capric acid, and sunflower fat was evaluated for its efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of the phytogenic blend (PHB) in counteracting the negative effects of NE on broiler performance.
  • To evaluate the impact of PHB on gut health, liveability, and oxidative stress in NE-challenged broilers.
  • To analyze excreta biomarkers for intestinal inflammation in response to PHB supplementation.

Main Methods:

  • 450 Cobb 500 broiler chicks were divided into three groups: non-challenged control (NC), NE-challenged control (CC), and NE-challenged with PHB supplementation (PHB).
  • NE was induced via oral inoculation with Eimeria spp. and Clostridium perfringens.
  • Performance parameters (BWG, FI, FCR), gut morphology (villus height, crypt depth), lesion scores, mortality, and excreta inflammation markers were measured.

Main Results:

  • NE challenge significantly reduced body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR).
  • PHB supplementation improved BWG, FI, and reduced FCR during the challenge period (d10-35).
  • PHB reduced duodenal lesions, increased villus height/crypt depth ratio, and shifted excreta inflammation markers (calprotectin, fibronectin) towards control levels.

Conclusions:

  • PHB supplementation effectively mitigates NE-associated performance decrements in broilers.
  • The phytogenic blend improves intestinal histomorphology and liveability while reducing inflammation.
  • PHB shows potential as a viable alternative to antibiotics for managing necrotic enteritis in poultry production.