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Engineering microbial consortia for biosynthesis: Construction, regulation, and applications.

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Synthetic microbial consortia (SMCs) engineer multiple microbes for enhanced bioproduction and environmental adaptation. This review details strategies for stable SMC construction and highlights their potential in sustainable biomanufacturing.

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic biology
  • Microbial ecology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Traditional microbial production relies on monocultures.
  • Synthetic microbial consortia (SMCs) offer enhanced adaptation and bioproduction through ecological interactions.
  • Engineering stable SMCs is crucial for harnessing their potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review engineering strategies for constructing stable synthetic microbial consortia (SMCs).
  • To highlight the applications and future potential of SMCs in various fields.
  • To identify challenges and opportunities in SMC development.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on host selection based on obligate mutualism.
  • Pathway modularization to resolve metabolic conflicts.
  • Dynamic regulation using quorum sensing and optogenetics.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated efficacy of SMCs in high-value compound synthesis and lignocellulosic biomass conversion.
  • SMCs enable division of labor for engineered living materials, environmental remediation, and biomedical innovation.
  • Successful applications include consolidated bioprocessing and inhibitor mitigation.

Conclusions:

  • SMCs bridge evolutionary ecology and biotechnology.
  • They offer robust solutions for sustainable biomanufacturing.
  • Challenges in scalability and real-time control need to be addressed for industrial application.