Modulation of Phase Inversion Dynamics and Buccal Permeation in Borneol-Based In Situ Forming Matrices by Triacetin.

Area of Science:

• Pharmaceutical Sciences
• Materials Science
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Optimizing in situ forming matrix (ISM) systems requires understanding phase inversion and molecular transport.
• Buccal drug delivery systems benefit from controlled matrix formation and drug release.

Purpose of the Study:

• To elucidate the roles of borneol and triacetin in modulating the physicochemical properties of a borneol-based ISM for buccal delivery.
• To characterize solvent exchange mechanisms and matrix evolution in ISM systems.

Main Methods:

• Real-time interfacial microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were employed.
• Comparative diffusion studies using hydrophilic sodium fluorescein (SF) and lipophilic Nile red (NR) were conducted.
• Kinetics analysis was performed to understand molecular release mechanisms.

Main Results:

• Triacetin concentration critically determined matrix density structure.
• Borneol accelerated phase inversion and enhanced mucosal permeability.
• Molecular release depended on viscosity and polarity, with non-Fickian release for SF and partition-limited release for NR.

Conclusions:

• The combination of borneol and triacetin provides a tunable platform for designing controlled-release intraoral delivery systems.
• Borneol enhances permeation, while triacetin controls release rate, optimizing buccal delivery.