Advancing digital equity: a qualitative case study using the Implementation Research Logic Model

Older adults without digital access, who are attempting to manage their lives within a digital landscape often struggle to maintain their independence. Living on the periphery of their communities, older people without digital access often feel alone. Technology is transforming the world around them, but they are excluded from participating. The lack of digital connection to family and friends and limited availability of essential online products and services can adversely impact their well-being. The purpose of the research was to explore the implementation of the iPad Project, an evidence-based, inter/intragenerational digital equity program for older adults, by studying the interaction of elements, determinants, strategies, mechanisms, and outcomes through the synthesis of an Implementation Research Logic Model (IRLM).

This qualitative case study included the completion of semi-structured interviews with 30 study participants and collaborators, a document review, and the creation of an IRLM. Interview questions were derived from relevant constructs in the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change strategies to explore the perspectives of project participants and collaborators. Study participant's responses were thematically analyzed. An in-depth analysis of existing literature, reflexive memos, and iPad Project notes, worksheets, and reports was completed to provide context and supporting information. Qualitative themes, implementation research theory, and document analysis informed the creation of an IRLM of the iPad Project, which displayed how the project was implemented.

The IRLM presented the key core and adaptable elements of the iPad Project that contributed to the project's outcomes. Environmental determinants were found to impact these elements by challenging or facilitating project progress. Strategic approaches used to address these changing effects were identified and reflected how the project was managed. The interplay between hypothesized mechanisms and contextual determinants was examined and revealed the underlying influences that shaped the outcomes. The implementation outcomes were highlighted and illustrated the effect of this evidence-based intervention.

By identifying the project elements, the environmental determinants, and the strategies that were used to facilitate mechanisms of change and overcome barriers with the IRLM, this study provides guidance for future digital equity research and program implementation.