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Evaluating the Effectiveness of 3D-Printed Models in Tooth Morphology Training for Students
Ivet Dzhondrova1, Ilia Liondev1, Hristina Galeva1
1Department of Prosthetic Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Purpose/Objectives:
Tooth morphology is a fundamental aspect of dental education, essential for various clinical disciplines. Traditional teaching methods, such as 2D visualizations, gypsum models, and wax or soap carving, have been widely used to develop students' spatial understanding and manual skills. However, the integration of 3D-printed models offers a novel approach that may enhance learning by providing a more accurate representation of dental morphology. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of 3D-printed models in learning tooth morphology by comparing their impact on students' practical and theoretical performance with traditional teaching methods.
Methods:
Dental students were divided into two groups: one utilizing 3D-printed models alongside traditional methods and another relying solely on conventional gypsum and 2D visualizations. Practical assessments included soap tooth carving and wax modelling, while theoretical knowledge was evaluated through a written examination. Additionally, students completed a questionnaire to provide feedback on their experience with the 3D-printed models.
Results:
Students who used 3D-printed models achieved significantly higher scores in the soap tooth carving task, demonstrating improved accuracy and anatomical detail. However, there was no significant difference in the wax modelling scores between the two groups, suggesting that advanced manual dexterity skills are not solely dependent on 3D visualization. Theoretical examination results also showed no significant difference, indicating that 3D models primarily enhance practical skills rather than theoretical comprehension. Over 80% of students reported that 3D-printed models were highly beneficial in understanding tooth anatomy and improving carving skills.
Conclusion(S):
The findings suggest that 3D-printed models serve as a valuable tool for enhancing practical skills in dental education. While they do not replace traditional methods, they effectively support hands-on learning and visualization.
