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Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes
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Aphid effector pair Mp1-Mp58 forms an effector complex that targets a host trafficking protein.

Jade R Bleau1, Namami Gaur1, S Ronan Fisher1

  • 1Division of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|February 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Aphid pests Myzus persicae use effector protein pairs, Mp1 and Mp58, that interact to form complexes. These complexes bind to host VPS52, impacting plant-insect interactions and revealing co-evolution within species.

Keywords:
Myzus persicaeEffectorshost traffickinginsect–herbivoremolecular dialogueprotein complex

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Area of Science:

  • Plant-insect interactions
  • Molecular biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Pathogen and pest effectors manipulate plant processes during infection.
  • Most studies focus on individual effector proteins, neglecting potential interactions.
  • Our prior work identified the linked gene pair Mp1 and Mp58 in Myzus persicae.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional relationship between Mp1 and Mp58 effectors.
  • To determine if Mp1 and Mp58 interact and form complexes.
  • To explore the evolutionary conservation and species-specificity of this interaction.

Main Methods:

  • In planta and in vitro interaction assays.
  • Oligomeric complex formation analysis.
  • Ortholog analysis in Rhopalosiphum padi.
  • Co-immunoprecipitation assays to identify binding partners like VPS52.

Main Results:

  • Mp1 and Mp58 interact in planta and in vitro, forming an oligomeric complex.
  • Orthologous Rp1 and Rp58 from Rhopalosiphum padi also interact, but not across species.
  • The Mp1-Mp58 complex binds to host Vacuolar Protein Sorting associated Protein 52 (VPS52).
  • The Mp1-Mp58-VPS52 complex localizes to vesicle-like structures.

Conclusions:

  • Aphid effectors can form functional complexes, adding complexity to plant-insect molecular dialogue.
  • Effector pair co-evolution is species-specific, with diversification across aphid species.
  • Understanding effector complexes is crucial for studying insect-plant interactions and effector repertoires.