Scopoletin alleviates cognitive deficits in 5xFAD mice via suppressing microglial inflammatory response

Xiaoyan Ouyang1, Zhenzhen Zhao1, Yifei Hou1

  • 1The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Insights

Scopoletin, an anti-inflammatory compound, reduced neuroinflammation and improved cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) models. This study highlights its potential as a therapeutic agent for AD by targeting microglial activation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Microglia-driven inflammation is central to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology.
  • Scopoletin, a natural coumarin, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties.
  • The therapeutic potential of scopoletin in AD models remains largely undefined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pharmacological effects of scopoletin on microglial inflammatory responses.
  • To evaluate scopoletin's efficacy in improving cognitive function in 5xFAD mouse models of AD.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated BV2 and primary microglia.
  • Evaluated in vivo inflammation, amyloid-beta (Aβ) burden, and cognitive behavior in 5xFAD mice.
  • Utilized RNA sequencing, siRNA knockdown, and western blot to elucidate regulatory pathways.

Main Results:

  • Scopoletin significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and modulated microglial polarization.
  • In 5xFAD mice, scopoletin alleviated neuroinflammation, decreased Aβ deposition, and improved cognitive deficits.
  • Transcriptomic analysis indicated scopoletin modulates inflammatory signaling via Top2A and PP2A-NF-κB pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Scopoletin effectively suppresses microglial inflammation and ameliorates cognitive impairment in AD models.
  • These findings suggest scopoletin as a promising lead compound for AD-modifying therapies.