Simultaneous determination of three organophosphorus pesticide residues in water and fruit juice samples using...

In this study, a nanosorbent consisting of magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@2,4-di-isocyanate@Creatine) was used as the adsorbent in magnetic dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (M-D-µ-SPE) method for the preconcentration and quantification of organophosphorus pesticide residues. This method was applied to the extraction of fenitrothion, phosalone, and diazinon in fruit juice and river water samples followed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) for analysis. The synthesized nanosorbent was characterized and confirmed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and nitrogen physisorption techniques. Key parameters affecting the extraction process were optimized, leading to the proposed technique demonstrating good limits of detection (0.6 - 1.5 ng mL^-1), good linearity in different ranges (2-300 ng mL^-1, R² > 0.997), high preconcentration factors (PFs of 773-893), and repeatability (RSD < 6.0%). Ultimately, this technique was effectively applied for the extraction and quantification of organophosphorus pesticide residues in various samples.