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ISCEV extended protocol for the photoreceptor directed ERG using full-field silent substitution stimuli
Jan Kremers1, Mirella T S Barboni2, Andrew J Zele3
1Section for Retinal Physiology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Erlangen, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. jan.kremers@uk-erlangen.de.
Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in Ophthalmology
|February 22, 2026
Summary
This study extends the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) Standard for full-field electroretinography (ERG). It details protocols for using silent substitution stimuli to assess individual photoreceptor function and retinal pathways.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neuroscience
- Vision Science
Background:
- The International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) provides a Standard for full-field electroretinography (ERG), outlining minimum testing procedures.
- The ISCEV Standard encourages more extensive electroretinography (ERG) testing beyond the minimum requirements for comprehensive visual assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe an extended protocol for full-field electroretinography (ERG) using silent substitution stimuli.
- To enable the detection of selective defects in distinct photoreceptor types (rods, L-cones, M-cones, S-cones) and post-receptoral retinal pathways.
- To provide standardized protocols for recording and analyzing electroretinography (ERG) responses to single photoreceptor-directed stimuli.
Main Methods:
- Utilizes silent substitution stimuli to isolate and assess the response modulation of single photoreceptor types.
- Defines optimal luminance conditions and temporal frequencies for Ganzfeld electroretinography (ERG) recordings for rods, L-, M-, and S-cones.
- Considers the spectral properties of the stimulator for precise stimulus condition calculation, supported by an accompanying technical report and app.
Main Results:
- The described method allows for the detection of selective functional deficits in individual photoreceptor populations.
- It facilitates the identification of abnormalities within post-receptoral retinal pathways.
- Protocols are established for recording and analyzing electroretinography (ERG) responses specific to rods and different cone types.
Conclusions:
- This extended electroretinography (ERG) protocol enhances diagnostic capabilities by targeting specific photoreceptor types.
- The method offers a valuable tool for identifying localized retinal pathway defects.
- Standardized protocols and computational support are provided for advanced electroretinography (ERG) analysis.
