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Understanding player transitions in football through distributed situation awareness
Scott McLean1, Tom Page2, Paul Salmon1
1Centre for Human Factors and Systems Science, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia.
Science & Medicine in Football
|February 23, 2026
Summary
Player transitions in football are complex, with risks of injury and wellbeing issues. Effective management requires improved Distributed Situation Awareness (DSA) and coach involvement to support player development.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Performance Analysis
- Talent Development
Background:
- Player transitions in football are crucial for development but increase injury and wellbeing risks.
- This area is under-investigated, with limited knowledge on managing transitions effectively.
- Understanding these transitions is vital for preventing adverse outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a network-based model of player transitions in professional football.
- To analyze player transitions using Distributed Situation Awareness (DSA).
- To identify factors influencing successful and unsuccessful player transitions.
Main Methods:
- Applied the Event Analysis of Systemic Teamwork (EAST) framework.
- Utilized group model building and semi-structured interviews with performance staff.
- Developed network-based models to represent transition dynamics.
Main Results:
- Player transitions involve complex interactions between tasks, staff, and information flow.
- Failures in Distributed Situation Awareness (DSA) during high-pressure situations can lead to negative outcomes.
- Over-reliance on specific individuals and limited first-team coach involvement correlate with potential negative transition effects.
Conclusions:
- Football clubs need to develop better processes for managing player transitions.
- Improving DSA and coach engagement can mitigate risks of injury and wellbeing issues.
- Optimizing transitions enhances positive developmental outcomes for players and clubs.
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