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Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
535
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

399
Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
399
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

288
Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
288
Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

368
The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
368
Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management

498
A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
498
Varicose Veins I: Introduction01:26

Varicose Veins I: Introduction

253
Varicose veins, or varicosities, are abnormally dilated and twisted superficial veins caused by venous valve incompetence. This condition commonly affects the lower extremities, especially the saphenous veins, due to the higher pressure from prolonged standing and walking. However, varicosities can also occur in other areas, such as the esophagus, vulva, spermatic cords, and anorectal region.Etiology and typesPrimary varicose veins, often idiopathic, are more common in women due to inherent...
253

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Assessing Venous Thromboembolism Incidence and Risk Factors: a Narrative Review.

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  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Materia Socio-Medica
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Summary

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, affects many globally. Key risk factors include hospitalization, surgery, advanced age, and certain medical conditions, necessitating personalized prevention strategies.

Keywords:
Deep Vein ThrombosisIncidencePrimary PreventionPulmonary EmbolismRisk FactorsVenous Thromboembolism

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Venous thromboembolism (VTE), encompassing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), represents a significant global health challenge.
  • VTE contributes to substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic burden worldwide.
  • It is a multifactorial condition influenced by various risk factors such as hospitalization, surgery, critical care, and underlying medical conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive assessment of VTE prevalence.
  • To identify critical risk factors associated with VTE across diverse clinical and demographic groups.
  • To inform and improve prophylactic measures for VTE.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies published between 1998 and 2022.
  • Keywords included "venous thromboembolism", "deep vein thrombosis", "pulmonary embolism", "incidence", and "risk factors".
  • Eligible studies were observational, cohort, and systematic reviews focusing on VTE epidemiology and risk factors in human populations; non-English studies and those with flawed methodologies were excluded.

Main Results:

  • VTE incidence varies globally, with higher rates in hospitalized (15-30%) and critically ill (up to 20%) patients.
  • Major risk factors identified include advanced age, hospitalization, surgery, malignant tumors, obesity, immobility, inherited thrombophilia, and rare conditions like KILT syndrome.
  • Ethnic and gender disparities also play a role in VTE incidence.

Conclusions:

  • VTE prevention requires an individualized approach, considering unique risk profiles.
  • Future research should prioritize prospective studies across diverse populations to refine risk assessment models.
  • Enhanced risk assessment will enable personalized thromboprophylaxis, ultimately reducing the VTE burden.