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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers
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Gate-Tunable Single Terahertz Meta-Atom Ultrastrong Light-Matter Coupling.

Elsa Jöchl1, Anna-Lydia Vieli1, Lucy Hale1

  • 1Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.

ACS Photonics
|February 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrate electrical control over light-matter interactions using a terahertz resonator and a 2D electron gas. This breakthrough enables tunable coupling strengths for novel electronic devices.

Keywords:
Landau levelsextreme confinementfew electronsgate-tunabilitysplit-ring resonatortwo-dimensional electron gasultrastrong coupling

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum optics
  • Terahertz spectroscopy

Background:

  • Ultrastrong light-matter interactions are crucial for quantum technologies.
  • Controlling these interactions with electrical fields is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electrical tunability of light-matter interactions.
  • To explore terahertz (THz) coupling between a complementary split ring resonator (cSRR) and a 2D electron gas (2DEG).

Main Methods:

  • Transmission spectroscopy under a strong magnetic field.
  • Electrical gate bias modulation to confine electrons to subwavelength dimensions (down to 410 nm).

Main Results:

  • Landau polariton dispersion was found to be dependent on the applied electric bias.
  • Demonstrated in situ tuning of normalized coupling strength (η) from 0.46 to 0.18.
  • Excitation of standing plasma waves at zero magnetic field was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents the first demonstration of THz far-field spectroscopy for electrically tunable interactions.
  • The findings pave the way for novel tunable THz devices and fundamental studies of light-matter coupling.