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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

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The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
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Visual System01:26

Visual System

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Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
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Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

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Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
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Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

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The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
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Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

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Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
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Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis
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Synergy mediates long-range correlations in the visual cortex near criticality.

Hardik Rajpal1,2,3, Cedric Stefens4, Meghdad Saeedian1,2

  • 1Centre for Complexity Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
|February 23, 2026
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Summary

Synergistic interactions, not redundant ones, drive long-range neural correlations in the visual cortex during stimulation. These synergistic effects, alongside redundant interactions, enhance information processing across distances.

Keywords:
calcium imaginginformationinformation decompositionlong-range interactionsmulti-layer networkredundancysynergy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • Long-range correlations are crucial for critical systems, enabling extended interactions and emergent properties like high susceptibility.
  • The brain exhibits long-range correlations across scales, suggesting criticality for optimized information processing and adaptability.
  • Mechanisms driving these long-range neural correlations remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of synergistic interactions in mediating long-range correlations in the awake mouse visual cortex.
  • To understand how different information interaction types contribute to neural communication.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mesoscale two-photon calcium imaging to record activity from thousands of neurons across a wide field of view.
  • Applied the Partial Information Decomposition (PID) framework to differentiate synergistic and redundant information interactions.
  • Analyzed combined interaction networks to assess information processing efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed the presence of long-range correlations at the neuronal population level.
  • Found that increased long-range correlations during visual stimulation were associated with a rise in synergistic, not redundant, interactions.
  • Demonstrated that synergistic and redundant interactions complement each other for efficient long-distance information processing, an effect amplified by visual stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Synergistic interactions play a key role in generating long-range correlations in the visual cortex.
  • Complementarity between synergistic and redundant interactions is vital for efficient neural information processing across distances.
  • Findings offer new insights into the computational basis of long-range correlations in neural systems.