Chronic sequelae of immune-related adverse events

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunology
• Clinical Medicine

Background:

• Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly used for cancer treatment.
• ICI therapy is associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affecting various organs.
• Effective management and long-term surveillance strategies for irAEs are critical.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the chronic sequelae of immune-related adverse events (irAEs).
• To focus on the persistence, outcomes, and future research implications of chronic irAEs.
• To address the gap in understanding and managing long-term effects of irAEs.

Main Methods:

• Literature review using PubMed.
• Identification of relevant articles from the past 10 years.

Main Results:

• Acute management of irAEs has improved.
• A significant gap exists in understanding and addressing chronic irAE sequelae.
• Challenges include complex cancer care, overlapping symptoms, and limited long-term data.

Conclusions:

• Continued research, including large multicenter studies and databases, is essential.
• Future research should aim to identify high-risk patients and refine management strategies.
• Evidence-based, long-term care for chronic irAEs needs development.