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Occupational and environmental radiation exposures from small-scale tin ore processing: A case study from Bangka

Yo Ishigaki1, Takashi Moritake2, Harrizki Arie Pradana3

  • 1Research Center for Realizing Sustainable Societies, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan.

Plos One
|February 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Small-scale tin ore processing in Indonesia poses significant radiation exposure risks. Both workers and nearby residents face elevated doses from Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TENORM), necessitating improved safety measures.

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