Molecular Semiconductor-Induced Deep Trapping Enables Ultrahigh-Performance Dielectric Elastomers

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Robotics
• Polymer Science

Background:

• Dielectric elastomer actuators are key for soft robotics due to large electroactive deformations.
• Conventional elastomers have limitations in breakdown strength and mechanical loss, hindering advanced robotics applications.
• High energy and power densities are crucial for next-generation soft robots.

Purpose of the Study:

• To enhance dielectric elastomer properties for demanding robotic applications.
• To develop a versatile strategy for incorporating organic molecular semiconductors into dielectric elastomer networks.
• To achieve high breakdown strength, elasticity, and electro-actuation strain.

Main Methods:

• Incorporation of organic molecular semiconductors into the dielectric elastomer network.
• Characterization of breakdown strength, modulus, elasticity, and electro-actuation strain.
• Evaluation of energy and power densities.

Main Results:

• Achieved high breakdown strength (82 V μm^-1) and large electro-actuation strain (174%).
• Optimized elastomer demonstrated high energy density (169 J kg^-1) and ultrahigh power density (3000 W kg^-1).
• Performance surpassed natural muscle by 8-fold and all previously reported dielectric elastomers.
• Demonstrated a multifunctional light-emitting, fast-moving soft robot.

Conclusions:

• The proposed strategy effectively enhances dielectric elastomer performance for advanced robotics.
• The developed material offers superior energy and power densities, meeting critical robotic requirements.
• The multifunctional capabilities open new avenues for soft robotic applications.