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Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Evaluating Genomic Offset Predictions in a Forest Tree with High Population Genetic Structure.

Juliette Archambeau, Marta Benito Garzón, Marina de Miguel

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    Genomic offset models predict maladaptation risk but show variable results. Validation with diverse data is crucial for reliable conservation insights in maritime pine populations.

    Keywords:
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    Area of Science:

    • Ecology
    • Genetics
    • Climate Change Biology

    Background:

    • Genomic offset models are vital for identifying populations vulnerable to climate change-induced maladaptation.
    • These models assess the genetic changes needed for populations to adapt to future climates.
    • Empirical testing of genomic offset models remains limited, highlighting a need for validation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To empirically test genomic offset predictions in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster).
    • To assess the variability of genomic offset predictions using different methods, SNP sets, and climate models.
    • To evaluate the association between genomic offset predictions and population performance (mortality, height).

    Main Methods:

    • Genotyping of 9,817 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 454 maritime pine trees across 34 populations.
    • Utilizing five common garden experiments and national forest inventory plots for validation.
    • Comparing genomic offset predictions derived from various analytical approaches and climate scenarios.

    Main Results:

    • Substantial variability was observed in genomic offset predictions across different methods, SNP sets, and climate models.
    • Positive associations between genomic offset predictions and mortality were generally found, as expected.
    • Contrary to expectations, few negative monotonic associations were observed between genomic offset predictions and tree height.
    • Higher mortality rates were linked to high genomic offset in national forest inventory plots, but results varied by method and SNP set.

    Conclusions:

    • The study highlights significant variability in genomic offset predictions, underscoring the need for robust validation.
    • Employing diverse methods and independent data sources is imperative for reliable genomic offset metrics.
    • Findings emphasize the importance of validating genomic offset predictions before applying them to conservation and management strategies for maritime pine.