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Revised and Neuroimaging-Compatible Versions of the Dual Task Screen

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Benefits of Dual-Tasking on Implicit Sensorimotor Adaptation.

Benjamin Miller-Mills^1,2, Tara Kwan¹, Timothy J Carroll¹

¹School of Human Movement and Nutrition Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

The European Journal of Neuroscience

|February 24, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Divided attention enhances implicit sensorimotor adaptation when error feedback is received during movement. This suggests implicit motor learning is sensitive to attentional demands during specific feedback processing windows.

Keywords:

attention and learning dual task/interference/divided attention/attention/motor/set/occupancy/cortical fields motor control sensorimotor integration visual

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Motor Control
Human Sensorimotor Adaptation

Background:

Attention is vital for goal-directed actions.
Its effect on sensorimotor adaptation is debated, possibly due to distinct explicit and implicit processes.
Previous research shows mixed results regarding attention's impact on sensorimotor adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of divided attention on implicit sensorimotor adaptation.
To determine if the timing of a secondary task affects error processing during adaptation.
To clarify the relationship between attention, error feedback, and implicit motor learning.

Main Methods:

Utilized an error-clamp paradigm for sensorimotor adaptation.
Incorporated a random-dot kinematogram (RDK) task to divide attention.
Varied the timing of the RDK task (outward vs. inward movement) relative to error feedback.

Main Results:

Divided attention modulated implicit sensorimotor adaptation only when the secondary task occurred during the outward movement (with error feedback).
Implicit sensorimotor adaptation was significantly enhanced under divided attention compared to focused attention.
Attentional manipulation did not affect adaptation when the secondary task occurred during the inward movement (after error feedback).

Conclusions:

Implicit sensorimotor adaptation is sensitive to attentional demands, particularly during error feedback processing.
Divided attention can unexpectedly enhance implicit sensorimotor adaptation under specific task conditions.
The timing of attentional load relative to error feedback is critical for its effects on motor learning.