Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 5, 2026

26:48
Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Published on: July 4, 2007
18.9K
Pembrolizumab-Induced Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Rare Case
Dalal A Obaid1, Noora Jatan2, Khawla Y Alawadhi3
1Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, ARE.
Cureus
|February 24, 2026
Summary
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced encephalitis (ICIiE) is a rare side effect of cancer immunotherapy. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with steroids can lead to full neurological recovery in patients experiencing this neurological complication.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Oncology
Background:
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as pembrolizumab, are effective cancer therapies.
- ICI-induced encephalitis (ICIiE) is a rare but serious neurological adverse event.
- ICIiE symptoms can mimic other conditions, complicating diagnosis.
Keywords:
autoimmune encephalitiscancer immunotherapycentral nervous system toxicityimmune checkpoint inhibitorsimmune related adverse eventsneurological immune toxicitypd-1 inhibitorpembrolizumabMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Arboviral Encephalitis
59
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
59
Encephalitis l: Introduction
15
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
15
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
22
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
22
Brain Abscess l: Introduction
21
A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial...
21

