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PGK1 Drives Cardiac Hypertrophy by Regulating the Vimentin/PI3K/Akt Pathway.

Xue-Xue Zhu1,2, Ao-Yuan Zhang1,2, Gui-Wen Xu1

  • 1MOE Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Gut Microbiota and Chronic Diseases (X.-X.Z., A.-Y.Z., G.-W.X., S.-Q.G., L.-M.J., Y.-F.L., T.H., M.W., L.Y., C.-Y.Z., H.-J.S.), Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.

Circulation Research
|February 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) drives pathological cardiac hypertrophy by activating the vimentin/PI3K/Akt/ferroptosis pathway. Inhibiting PGK1 offers a potential therapeutic strategy for heart failure.

Keywords:
cardiomegalyferroptosishearthypertrophymyocytesphosphoglycerate kinase

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a significant risk factor for heart failure.
  • Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) is crucial for cellular energy metabolism, but its role in cardiac hypertrophy is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function and mechanism of PGK1 in cardiac hypertrophy.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of PGK1 inhibition.

Main Methods:

  • Examined PGK1 expression and activity in cardiac hypertrophy patients and mouse models.
  • Utilized liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and co-immunoprecipitation to identify PGK1 interacting proteins.
  • Assessed the effect of PGK1 inhibitor CBR-470-1 in a murine cardiac hypertrophy model.

Main Results:

  • PGK1 was activated and upregulated in cardiac hypertrophy.
  • Cardiomyocyte-specific PGK1 deficiency improved cardiac function, while overexpression worsened it.
  • PGK1 acts as a protein kinase, activating the vimentin/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, leading to cardiomyocyte ferroptosis.
  • PGK1 inhibition with CBR-470-1 prevented cardiac hypertrophy.

Conclusions:

  • PGK1 plays a critical role in myocardial hypertrophy.
  • The vimentin/PI3K/Akt/ferroptosis pathway is downstream of PGK1 in this process.
  • Targeting PGK1 may be a novel therapeutic approach for cardiac hypertrophy.