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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

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Boosting multifunctionality through adaptive trait-based species addition in ongoing restoration projects.

André G Coutinho1,2,3, Alice Nunes3, Cristina Branquinho3

  • 1Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.

Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America
|February 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Trait-based restoration can be enhanced by adding species to increase ecosystem functions. This study provides a framework for adaptive management in long-term restoration projects to improve multifunctionality.

Keywords:
adaptive managementfunctional ecologylong‐term restorationongoing restorationrestoration monitoringspecies selectiontrait‐based restoration

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Area of Science:

  • Restoration Ecology
  • Ecosystem Function
  • Trait-Based Approaches

Background:

  • Trait-based restoration is growing, but monitoring and amending species composition for multiple targets remain challenging.
  • Long-term restoration projects often result in heterogeneous landscapes with varying ecosystem multifunctionality.
  • Operational frameworks for increasing ecosystem functions in restoration are underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate multifunctionality in a 40-year quarry restoration.
  • Identify methods to restore or increase drought resistance, fire resilience, pollination, seed dispersal, and vegetation structure.
  • Provide a framework for adaptive management in trait-based restoration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from a 40-year ongoing quarry restoration in Portugal.
  • Assessed current levels of multifunctionality across different restoration sites.
  • Evaluated the impact of natural regeneration and trait-based planting on ecosystem functions.

Main Results:

  • Multifunctionality significantly varied across restoration sites.
  • Natural regeneration is crucial for current multifunctionality.
  • Trait-based planting of additional individuals (resident or new species) can considerably increase multifunctionality.
  • Optimized species combinations can enhance future restoration outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • A framework for adaptive management in trait-based restoration is proposed.
  • Functional enrichment through optimized species combinations can improve restoration outcomes.
  • The study enhances the practical application of trait-based and functional enrichment in restoration.