Intrauterine devices, contraception, and mood changes: what to watch for

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Endocrinology
• Women's Health
• Psychoneuroendocrinology

Background:

• Endogenous hormone fluctuations across the reproductive life cycle can impact women's mood and anxiety levels.
• Hormone-based therapies, including contraception and menopause management, are linked to psychological side effects.
• These effects can negatively influence overall well-being and daily functioning.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the association between endogenous hormone changes and psychological well-being in women.
• To examine the psychological adverse effects of hormone-based therapies.
• To inform clinicians about managing mood and anxiety issues related to hormonal treatments.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on hormonal influences on mood and anxiety.
• Analysis of reported psychological effects associated with various hormone therapies.
• Clinical considerations for patient counseling.

Main Results:

• Natural hormonal shifts during the reproductive lifespan are correlated with mood disturbances and anxiety.
• Hormonal contraceptives, suppression therapies, and menopausal treatments may precipitate irritability, depression, and anxiety.
• Patient-reported outcomes highlight the significance of psychological tolerability.

Conclusions:

• Clinicians must proactively address potential mood and anxiety symptoms in women experiencing endogenous hormonal changes.
• Healthcare providers should counsel patients on the psychological risks associated with hormone-based therapies.
• Informed discussion regarding efficacy, safety, and tolerability is crucial for shared decision-making in hormonal treatments.