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Mapping urban soundscape patterns using user-generated content: A place model approach to acoustic environment

Haneul Lee1, Youngchul Kim1

  • 1KAIST Urban Design Lab, KAIST Smart City Research Center, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.

Plos One
|February 24, 2026
PubMed

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The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
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