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Trends in Hospitalisations Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Swedish Children: A Nationwide Study 2010-2022
Kristian Bolin1, Karin Strandell2, Andreas Palmborg3
1Centre for health Governance, Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Insights
Most paediatric hospitalisations for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) occur in young infants, many born full-term. Shorter gestational age at birth correlates with longer hospital stays for young children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Public Health Surveillance
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of pediatric hospitalizations globally.
- Understanding the burden of RSV hospitalizations by gestational age and infant demographics is crucial for public health planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the annual burden of RSV hospitalizations in children aged 0-17 years in Sweden.
- To analyze RSV hospitalization data based on gestational week of delivery, age, and sex.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Swedish national register data on RSV hospitalizations from 2010 to 2022.
- Analyzed hospitalization rates and lengths of stay stratified by age, sex, and gestational age at birth.
Main Results:
- Over 26,000 children were hospitalized for RSV during the study period.
- The majority of hospitalized infants were under 6 months old (63.2%), with most of those under 3 months born at full term (88.5%).
- Shorter gestational age at birth was associated with longer hospital stays for most age groups, with significantly higher incident rate ratios for full-term vs. extremely preterm infants.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric RSV hospitalizations are concentrated in the youngest infants, with a high proportion born at full term.
- Both gestational age at birth and age at admission are negatively associated with hospitalization length of stay.
Aim:
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a leading cause of paediatric hospitalisations. This study describes annual RSV-hospitalisation burden of disease, by gestational week of delivery, age and sex among children aged 0-17 years of age in Sweden, for the period 2010/11-2021/22.
Methods:
Employing total population Swedish register data pertaining to hospitalisations due to RSV for the period 2010-2022.
Results:
Over the study period a total of 26 772 children were hospitalised due to RSV. Most of the patients, 63.2%, were aged < 6 months and 39.9% were aged < 3 months. Among patients aged < 3 months, 88.5% were born at full term. The average number of hospital days increased with lower gestational age at birth for all age groups, except for patients aged 5- ≤ 17 years of age. Estimated incident rate ratios (IRR) comparing patients born at full term to patients born extremely preterm ranged between 2.43 and 1.75, respectively, for patients aged 0 < 3 months and 1 < 2 years of age.
Conclusions:
Paediatric RSV hospitalisations mostly occur in the youngest infants, and most are born at term. Gestational age at birth and age at admission are both negatively related to length of stay.
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