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Structural Insight Into Jasmonic Acid Signalling Repression by Insect HARP1 Effector.

Yaguang Zhang1, Baoyu He2, Tingting Ran3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.

Plant, Cell & Environment
|February 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

The insect effector HARP1 binds to plant JAZ proteins, blocking jasmonic acid (JA) signaling. This structural study reveals how pests suppress plant defenses by inhibiting JA pathway activation.

Keywords:
HARP1JA signallingJAZcrystal structuredimerisation

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Area of Science:

  • Plant-insect interactions
  • Molecular plant-pathology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Plants and pests engage in co-evolutionary arms races.
  • Pest effectors, like HARP1 from Helicoverpa armigera, can suppress plant immunity.
  • Jasmonic acid (JA) signaling is crucial for plant defense against biotic stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism by which HARP1 suppresses JA signaling.
  • To identify the JAZ domain responsible for HARP1 interaction.
  • To provide structural insights into HARP1-JAZ binding.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical assays to confirm HARP1-JAZ interaction domain.
  • X-ray crystallography to determine HARP1 structure.
  • AlphaFold2 prediction for HARP1-JAZ3 binding mode analysis.

Main Results:

  • The ZIM domain of JAZ is sufficient for HARP1 binding.
  • HARP1 possesses a seven-stranded β-sandwich fold.
  • HARP1 directly binds JAZ dimers, inhibiting JAZ degradation and repressing JA signaling.

Conclusions:

  • HARP1 binding to JAZ proteins is a key mechanism for pest suppression of plant defenses.
  • Structural and functional data reveal how pest effectors disrupt plant JA signaling.
  • This study offers insights into transcriptional repression of JA signaling by insect-derived effectors.