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Green Functionalization of Chitosan via Multicomponent Reactions: Unlocking New Horizons in Biomedical Materials
Alaleh Omidi1, Seyedeh Rozhan Mousavi1, Mohammad Taghi Nazeri1
1Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P.O. Box, Tehran 19396-4716, Iran.
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|February 25, 2026
Summary
Chitosan functionalization using multicomponent reactions (MCRs) creates advanced biomaterials. These MCR-modified chitosan composites offer enhanced therapeutic properties for biomedical applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Organic Chemistry
- Polymer Science
Background:
- Chitosan (Cs) is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer with adaptable chemistry, making it ideal for biomaterial development.
- Existing research on chitosan modification is extensive, but direct functionalization via multicomponent reactions (MCRs) remains underexplored.
- There is a growing need for innovative biofunctional materials with tailored properties for advanced biomedical applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in functionalizing chitosan using multicomponent reactions (MCRs).
- To highlight the potential of MCRs for creating novel chitosan-based biofunctional materials.
- To provide insights into developing sophisticated bioengineered systems through green chemistry approaches.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing various multicomponent reactions (MCRs), including Ugi, Mannich, [3 + 2] cycloaddition, and Debus reactions.
- Synthesizing chitosan-based composites through direct functionalization techniques.
- Characterizing the physicochemical and biological properties of the modified chitosan materials.
Main Results:
- MCRs enable the synthesis of chitosan composites with enhanced antibacterial, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities.
- Functionalized chitosan exhibits improved drug delivery capabilities, pH-responsiveness, and UV-shielding properties.
- Chemical modifications through MCRs enhance structural stability and targeted therapeutic efficacy in physiological environments.
Conclusions:
- Multicomponent reactions offer a sustainable and adaptable strategy for chitosan functionalization.
- MCR-derived chitosan materials show significant promise for diverse biomedical applications.
- Integrating green multicomponent chemistry with chitosan platforms paves the way for next-generation bioresponsive biomedical materials.
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