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Mastalgia, Radiological Yield, and Psychological Burden: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study.

Seda Aladag Kurt1, Irem Hacisalihoglu Aydin2, Busra Ucar Bostan2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.

Breast Care (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 25, 2026
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Summary

Women experiencing breast pain (mastalgia) often have higher anxiety levels, especially if they have palpable breast stiffness or a history of breast surgery. Cyclic pain may offer some protection against anxiety.

Keywords:
AnxietyDepressionDiagnostic imagingMastalgia

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Mastalgia (breast pain) is a common condition with significant psychological impact.
  • The relationship between clinical presentation, imaging findings, and psychological distress in mastalgia patients requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore clinical, radiological, and psychological factors associated with mastalgia.
  • To identify predictors of anxiety and depression in women with breast pain.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 151 women with mastalgia and 69 controls.
  • Assessment included sociodemographics, pain characteristics, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores.
  • Radiological evaluation via ultrasound, mammography, or MRI; statistical analysis using univariate and multivariate regression.

Main Results:

  • Women with mastalgia showed significantly higher anxiety scores (BAI) than controls; depression scores did not differ.
  • Palpable breast stiffness and prior breast surgery independently predicted increased anxiety in mastalgia patients.
  • Cyclic pain was found to be protective against anxiety.

Conclusions:

  • Mastalgia is associated with significant psychological burden, particularly anxiety, despite often normal imaging findings.
  • Clinical factors like palpable stiffness and surgical history are stronger predictors of anxiety than radiological results.
  • A selective imaging approach and integrated psychological assessment are recommended for managing breast pain.