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Photovoltage-Driven Two-Transistor-One-Diode Perovskite Pixels for In-Cell Optical Sensing Displays.

Lingjiao Zhang¹, Baiquan Liu¹, Xinyang Lv¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|February 25, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel bifunctional diode for integrated optical sensing displays. This perovskite-based device enables both light emission and detection, paving the way for denser, more efficient electronics.

Keywords:

active‐matrix displays blue emission high efficiency imaging perovskite diodes

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Area of Science:

Optoelectronics
Materials Science
Display Technology

Background:

Conventional displays use separate LEDs and photodetectors, limiting pixel density and efficiency.
Integrating light emission and detection in a single diode is challenging due to conflicting requirements for excitonic recombination and carrier separation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a stable, dual-mode bifunctional diode for in-cell optical sensing displays.
To enable high-performance light emission and sensitive photodetection within a single device architecture.

Main Methods:

Stabilized intermediate-n quasi-2D perovskite phases with a fluorinated acid passivator.
Engineered high-mobility transport layers using a dissociative (Type-II) perovskite/electron transport layer heterojunction.
Developed an opto-dynamic random-access memory (opto-DRAM) pixel architecture.

Main Results:

Achieved stable dual-mode operation with a sky-blue perovskite LED (PeLED) showing 20.4% EQE and 41.8 lm W-1 power efficiency.
The coupled sensing pixel demonstrated high responsivity (4.17 × 10^4 A W-1) and detectivity (6.46 × 10^13 Jones).
Monolithic integration resulted in an active-matrix display with switchable emission and imaging functions.

Conclusions:

The bifunctional diode offers a scalable platform for compact, energy-efficient, and multifunctional optoelectronic displays.
Photovoltage-driven detection in the opto-DRAM pixel enables self-amplified sensing.
This work overcomes key challenges in integrating emissive and photodetective functionalities.