Interfacial Protein Layer Formation on 45S5 and 59S Bioactive Glasses Enhances Cellular Compatibility and Angiogenic...

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Surface Chemistry
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Bioactive glasses (BGs) are crucial biomaterials for bone regeneration.
• Surface modification via protein adsorption significantly influences BG biological interactions.
• Understanding protein adsorption is key to optimizing BG performance in physiological environments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effects of bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption on the surface properties and bioactivity of 45S5 and 59S bioactive glasses.
• To compare the protein affinity and biological responses of the two BG compositions after protein conditioning.
• To investigate the potential of protein-conditioned BGs for tissue regeneration applications.

Main Methods:

• Systematic evaluation of BSA adsorption on 45S5 and 59S BGs.
• Assessment of protein-conditioned BGs' effects on fibroblast adhesion and proliferation.
• Ex vivo angiogenesis assays to evaluate vascular network formation.
• Analysis of surface-mediated bioactivity and cellular responses.

Main Results:

• BSA adsorption significantly altered the surface bioactivity of both 45S5 and 59S BGs.
• 59S BG demonstrated higher protein affinity and enhanced cytocompatibility compared to 45S5 BG.
• Protein-conditioned BGs, especially 59S BG/BSA, significantly improved fibroblast adhesion, proliferation, and ex vivo angiogenesis.
• A synergistic effect between ion release and protein modification was observed.

Conclusions:

• Protein adsorption fundamentally regulates the biological interactions of bioactive glasses.
• Protein conditioning, particularly with 59S BG, significantly enhances cellular and angiogenic responses.
• The enhanced bioactivity positions protein-conditioned 59S BG as a promising candidate for advanced tissue regeneration.