[Ocular rosacea : Clinical aspects, diagnostics, management and treatment]

Ocular rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the surface of the eye and the eyelids. It often occurs in conjunction with rosacea in the facial area but can also occur independently. It is characterized by bilateral chronic posterior blepharitis and meibomitis, which can involve the entire surface of the eye, including the cornea, during the course of the disease. The diagnosis is largely based on clinical findings. The main symptoms include reddened, burning and itchy eyes, dryness, sensitivity to light and blurred vision. The exact etiology of ocular rosacea is not fully understood. A genetic predisposition, dysregulation of the immune system, environmental factors and microbial factors are involved. Treatment usually includes a combination of eyelid hygiene, topical and, if necessary, systemic agents. The prognosis is generally considered favorable; however, in the case of untreated ocular rosacea, severe progressive courses can also lead to blindness.