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Related Concept Videos

Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Neurocognitive Deficits Related to Ligamentous Ankle Injuries: A Systematic Review.

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Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is linked to neurocognitive deficits in attention, inhibitory control, and visual memory. These impairments may affect postural stability, highlighting the need for further research into causal links.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Lateral ankle sprains (LAS) are common sports injuries, often leading to chronic ankle instability (CAI) in up to 40% of cases.
  • The impact of neurocognitive demands on lower limb biomechanics is known, but the specific mechanisms in CAI patients are not well understood.
  • This systematic review investigates neurocognitive deficits associated with ligamentous ankle injuries and CAI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and summarize existing evidence on neurocognitive deficits in individuals with LAS and CAI.
  • To identify specific neurocognitive domains affected by these injuries.
  • To explore potential links between neurocognitive function and postural stability in CAI.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across five databases following PRISMA guidelines.
  • Studies involving adults with LAS or CAI were included based on a PICO strategy.
  • Risk of bias was assessed using the QUIPS tool and Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies.

Main Results:

  • The review included 24 studies involving 104 LAS patients and 393 CAI patients, with 92 copers and 317 healthy controls.
  • A high risk of bias was found in 83% of the studies.
  • CAI patients demonstrated deficits in attention, inhibitory control, and visual memory, with variable findings for working memory and processing speed. No deficits were observed in language or motor skills.

Conclusions:

  • CAI is associated with neurocognitive deficits, potentially impacting postural stability, especially under dual-task conditions.
  • Methodological limitations, including cross-sectional designs and high bias risk, necessitate further research.
  • More studies are required to establish causality and enhance the generalizability of findings regarding neurocognitive function after ankle injuries.