Robotic Hysterectomy for Benign Gynecology: Evidence and Insights

Hysterectomy is the regimen of choice for benign gynecologic diseases, including uterine myoma, adenomyosis, endometriosis, and genital prolapse. Surgeons choose hysterectomy methods based on clinical situations or patients' preferences. Even though minimal invasive surgery (MIS) such as robotic hysterectomy (RH) and laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) has been improved, the abdominal hysterectomy (AH) approach is still the most common. The advancement in robotic surgeries results in increased adoption of MIS. It allows the surgeon to perform a hysterectomy for complex cases where LH and vaginal hysterectomy are contraindicated and would otherwise require laparotomy. Since both LH and RH have low rates of complications, it is not clear what benefits RH offers over LH. So, RH's advantages over LH are being debated. Robotic gynecologic treatment may have benefits that are hard to quantify. In the literature, different factors such as quality of life, cost, uterine size, complex pathology, obesity, and surgeon's experience, are being used to know the feasibility of RH. Therefore, in this review, we evaluate the factors that can help conclude the benefits or drawbacks of RH and LH.